i-Chem Solution Sdn Bhd
(721195-X)
No. 20, Jalan TPP 6/8, Taman Perindustrian Puchong,
47100 Puchong, Selangor, Malaysia.
Tel : 603-8062 1686, email: sales@i-chemsolution.com
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Boiler Deposit Analysis Report
Our Ref:
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Customer :
Sample :
At :
Dated :
Our Ref :
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1Elemental Analysis
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| a) |
Silica, as SiO2 |
21.8% |
| b) |
Carbonate, as CO2 |
30.0% |
| c) |
Sulfar, as SO3 |
1.5% |
| d) |
Phosphorus, as P2O5 |
0.2% |
| e) |
Calcium, as CaO |
86.6% |
| f) |
Magnesium, as MgO |
9.1% |
| g) |
Iron, as Fe2O3 |
0.2% |
| h) |
Copper, as CuO |
0.0% |
| i) |
Sodium, as Na2O |
0.0% |
| j) |
Lost at 925°C |
58.9% |
| k) |
Chloroform Extractable |
0.0% |
| l) |
Aluminuim Oxide, as Al2O3 |
0.0% |
| m) |
Magnetic (Yes/No) |
N |
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2Most Probable Combination
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| a) |
Calcium Carbonate |
68.18% |
| b) |
Calcium Silicate, CaSiO3.H2O |
48.64% |
| c) |
Calcium Hydroxide, Ca(OH)2 |
35.49% |
| d) |
Magnesium Hydroxide |
13.18% |
| e) |
Organics |
9.64% |
| f) |
Calcium Sulfate |
2.52% |
| g) |
Calcium Hydroxyapatite |
0.35% |
| h) |
Iron Oxide, Fe2O3 |
0.16% |
| i) |
Copper Oxide, CuO |
0.02% |
| j) |
Aluminium Oxide, as Al2O3 |
0.01% |
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3Comments and Recommendations on Top 5 most probable scale combination
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| a) |
Calcium Carbonate
Causes:
Forms as scale during periods of essentially "zero" phosphate, chelant
Residual or sequestrant agents. Also, evaporation to dryness.
Recommendation :
Maintain recommended treatment residuals and alkalinities.
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| b) |
Calcium Silicate, CaSiO3.H2O
Causes:
Hard, adherent, insulating scale formed under conditions of low alkalinity
and low Phosphate, "zero" chelant residual or sequestrant agents
Recommendation :
Maintain recommended treatment residuals and alkalinities.
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| c) |
Calcium Hydroxide, Ca(OH)2
Causes:
Insufficient treatment residuals.
Recommendation :
Maintain recommended treatment residuals and alkalinities.
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| d) |
Magnesium Hydroxide
Causes:
Usually found as boiler sludge when insufficient silica is present to form
the preferred serpentine.
Recommendation :
Improve bottom blow-down, add a dispersant.
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| e) |
Organics
Causes:
Contamination (such as oils and surfactants) of feedwater. Possibly from
raw water and process leaks.
Recommendation :
Locate source and prevent leak.
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This report is generated automatically upon feeding results of elementary analysis.
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This report has indicated the probable causes of the most probable scale combination
and make recommendations to prevent their recurrence.
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While the list of the most probable scale combinations may extend, the program only indicate
the most significant combinations.
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The remaining scale combinations in the list of most probable scale combinations are
available upon request.
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All queries and requests for additional information can be made to:
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i-Chem Solution Sdn. Bhd. (721195-X)
No.20, Jalan TPP 6/8, Taman Perindustrian Puchong,
47100 Puchong, Selangor, Malaysia.
Tel: +603-80621686 (Puchong)
Fax: +603-80626457 (Puchong)
e mail- sales@i-chemsolution.com (General)
Attention: Technical Service Manager/Engineer
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Disclaimer: The information used in the above program is based on published
data, laboratory studies and practical experience.
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bmSOLUTION Series @ reliable Partner in Total Water Management
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